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Rogan josh (or roghan josh) (pronounced /rouɣændʒuːʃ/ in Persian), is an aromatic lamb dish of Persian origin, which is one of the signature recipes of Kashmiri cuisine. ''Roughan'' (روغن) means "clarified butter" or "fat" in Persian, while ''juš'' (جوش) (alternatively romanised ''josh''), gives the figurative meaning of "intensity" or "passion" and ultimately derives from the verb ''jušidan'' (جوشيدن) meaning "to heat". Rogan josh thus means cooked in oil at intense heat. Rogan josh was brought to Kashmir by the Mughals, whose cuisine was in turn influenced by Persian cuisine. The unrelenting summer heat of the Indian plains took the Mughals frequently to Kashmir, which has a cooler climate because of its elevation and latitude.〔 ==Ingredients and cultural geography== Rogan josh (or roghan josh) is a staple of Kashmiri cuisine and is one of the main dishes of the Kashmiri multi-course meal (the "Wazwan"). It consists of braised Lamb chunks cooked with a gravy based on browned onions or shallots, yogurt, garlic, ginger and aromatic spices (cloves, bay leaves, cardamom and cinnamon). Its characteristic brilliant red colour traditionally comes from liberal amounts of dried Kashmiri chilies that have been de-seeded to reduce their heat: these chilies (whose flavour approximates that of paprika) are considerably milder than the typical dried cayenne pepper of Indian cuisine. The recipe's spice is one of aroma rather than heat, and the traditional dish is mild enough to be appreciated by Western palates that may not have been conditioned to tolerate the heat of chilies. In addition, dried flowers or root of ''Alkanna tinctoria'' are used in some variants of the recipe to impart a crimson colour. Saffron is also part of some traditional recipes. There are significant differences in preparation between the Hindu and Muslim dishes in Kashmir: Muslims use ''praan'', a local shallot tasting of garlic, and leaves of ''maval'', the Cockscomb flower, for colouring (and to tone down some of the spice); Hindus use yogurt for "a cooling effect".〔 (Kashmiri Brahmins avoid onion and garlic.〔)) Although the dish is from Jammu & Kashmir, it is a staple in British curry houses, whose menu is partly Bangladeshi cuisine, and is an example of dishes from the Subcontinent that got "co-opted" once they left the area (dosa as prepared in Glasgow is cited as a prime example). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Rogan josh」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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